编辑:石家庄环球雅思
1. It was once thought that the fungus that ants cultivate was a single type that they had propagated, essentially unchanged from the distant past. (C7T3P1)
结构剖析:
主干It was once thought that...其中it作形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句,与此结构类似的还有It was believed/reported/heard/found/told that...
在主语从句中,主语为the fungus(fungus后that ants cultivate为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词fungus), 系动词was, 表语a single type, type 后that 引导的定语从句修饰先行词type. 句末的essentially unchanged是过去分词作状语。
参考译文:
蚂蚁培育的真菌曾经被认为是单一的类型,并且长久以来都没有发生实质性的变化。
2. They based their calendars on three natural cycles: the solar day, marked by the successive periods of light and darkness as the earth rotates on its axis; the lunar month, following the phase of moon as it orbits the earth; and the solar year, defined by the changing seasons that accompany our planet’s revolution around the sun.(C8T1P1)
结构剖析:
本句看似复杂冗长,但句子结构很清晰。主干为They based their calendars on three natural cycles,冒号后边的内容具体解释说明了三种自然循环的内容,1,the solar day,后marked by ...为过去分词作后置定语,其中as引导时间状语;2,the lunar month, 后following...为现在分词作伴随状语;3,the solar year,其后的defined by为过去分词作后置定语,that引导的定语从句that accompany our planet’s revolution around the sun修饰先行词the changing seasons.
参考译文:
他们的历法基于三个自然循环:太阳日,即地球自转昼夜交替的周期;太阳历,即月亮绕地球一周的周期;太阳年,即地球绕太阳一周的季节更换周期。
3. This allowed glass of virtually any thickness to be made non-stop, but the rollers would leave both sides of the glass marked, and these would then need to be ground and polished. (C8T2P1)
结构剖析:
本句为but连接的复合句,前句主谓宾结构this allowed glass...后句主谓宾宾补结构,marked为过去分词作宾语补足语。
参考译文:
此种方法可以不间断的制作任何厚度的玻璃,但是这样一来辊轴就会在玻璃的两面都留下印迹,并且这样的印迹需要经过打磨和抛光处理。
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