【雅思写作】谓语形式又搞错了！三大原则教你轻松记住

很多同学写作文或者说口语时，总是会被其他人提醒:你的谓语动词忘记加s了，没有变过去式呢，这个动词不用变成三单形式……这时候你一定会感到有些烦躁，怎么会又错了呢，怎么又忘记动词要变形了呢？究其原因，是因为你忘记主谓一致了。今天我就来总结一下主谓一致的常见情况，你一定要牢记，在最基础的层面上减少错误。

一．语法一致原则

主语是单数，谓语用单数; 主语是复数，谓语用复数。

An apple is on the table.

Two apples are on the table.

二、意义一致原则

谓语动词用单数的情况

(1)由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一人或者物

The singer and dancer comes from Taiwan.

(2)one/every one/each/either/the number of＋复数名词作主语。

Each of the rooms has a beautifully decorated wall.

(3)由every，any，some，no和one，thing，body等所构成的不定代词作主语。

Is everybody here today？

Someone is going to cinema at night.

(3)钱，时间和距离作主语

100 dollars is enough.

(4) 动名词或者不定式作主语

Seeing is believing./ To see is to believe.

(5)名词性从句作主语。

Whatever was left was taken away.

注意：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。如：What I bought were three English books

谓语动词用复数的情况

(1)由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的人或者物。

The teacher and the manager make an appointment in the restaurant.

(2)people，police等有生命的 集体名词作主语。

People read for pleasure during their spare time.

(3)一些常用做复数或只有复数形式的名词，如goods，stairs，arms等作主语。

The goods are made in China.

(4)a number of/quantities of/a group of＋名词作主语。

A number of other plants were found in America.

(5) 由both …… and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。

Both she and he are Young Pioneers.

谓语动词单、复数视情况而定

(1)集体名词class，family，army，team，club，population，enemy，party，crowd，crew，audience，public，government，majority，group等作主语，强调整体用单数，指个体成员用复数。

The population in China is very large and 80% of the population lives in rural areas.

(2)单复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语形式要根据其具体含义而定，这类词有：means， deer，fish等。

Every means has been tried to solve the problem.

(3)“half/most/enough/part/the rest/the last/lots/plenty/分数/百分数＋of＋名词”作主语，谓语动词要和of之后的名词单复数保持一致。

A lot of students are coming to the meeting.

A lot of work is to be done to prepare for the conference.

三、就近一致原则

(1)由or，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致。

Neither you nor I am fit for the work.

注：“with/along with/together with/including/but/except/like/as well as/no more than/besides/rather than＋名词”置于主语后，采用就远原则。

Henry，rather than Jane and John，is responsible for the loss.

(2)由there，here引起的主语不止一个时，谓语通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。

There is a pencil and two pens in the case.

这里总结的是一些常见的主谓一致情况，平时还需要大家用心的去观察，注意这个很小的语法差别。

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